Whales aren't responding to call of the wild

From a boat in the brackish waters of a backwater delta channel, Bernie Krause and his scientific colleagues lower an underwater speaker that emits a staccato symphony of grunts, squeals and squeaks.

They're whale noises, some of which the 68-year-old bio-acoustics expert captured 16 years ago off the Alaskan coast as he hovered above a pod of humpback whales in a tiny kayak. Now he is using this whale language to reach out to an injured mother humpback and her calf, circling in the depths below.

Krause is a whale whisperer. And he's spearheading an effort to rescue two wrong-way cetaceans that last week strayed from their seasonal migration on a misguided 100-mile journey up the San Joaquin River Delta.

Now the whales, both wounded from an apparent run-in with a boat propeller, have reached a dead-end in a murky inland channel not far from the California State Capitol dome. Racing against time, a host of governmental agencies for days has tried to coax the leviathans back to sea.

Krause has spent nearly four decades recording natural sounds worldwide -- pristine underwater soundscapes, jaguars in the Brazilian jungle, corn growing in Iowa. He earned an international reputation in 1985 when he turned his attentions to a whale known as Humphrey, who had ventured many miles into the Sacramento Delta. Using tapes of whales' feeding and social noises, the Detroit native helped coax the wayward humpback back out into the open ocean.

Friday, Krause and a team of scientists tried, for the second straight day, to reprise that success. But the two whales simply weren't taking the bait.

"The animals are just not responding," Krause said. "It might be from the noise of the boats or aircraft flying overhead, or from the effects of their injuries. We just don't know."

Humphrey spent 26 days wandering inland waters, but experts worry that the mother and her calf don't have that much time. Although the adult humpback's wounds don't appear to be life-threatening, officials aren't so sure about the calf, which they believe was nursing when the propeller struck the pair.

The whales' injuries have added pressure and drama to the rescue effort, as dozens of reporters wait for updates near the Port of Sacramento and hundreds of onlookers watch from a nearby levee.

Friday, the news still wasn't good. Scientists varied the sounds they played. They fiddled with the speaker volume. They changed boats. Nothing worked.

"They call me a whale whisperer," said a frustrated Krause. "Yeah, right. Nature always has the last laugh."

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A former musician who plays both violin and guitar, Krause became a pioneer of electronic sound in the 1960s and helped introduce the Moog synthesizer to pop music and film.

In 1970 he and a partner produced "In a Wild Sanctuary," an album that incorporated recorded natural sounds into the music.

The record changed his life, launching him on a quest with his microphone and recorder to amass what he says is the world's largest collection of natural sounds -- 3,500 hours, featuring countless habitats and 15,000 creatures, many of which are now extinct.

Krause has studied whales and their environment, and he said he understood why so many people were captivated by the journey of the humpback and her calf.

"People associate with these wild critters. There's something atavistic in our genes, making us long for a simpler time," he said. "Whales just have a presence, being so gentle and coming back from the brink of extinction."

Twenty-two years ago, when asked to take part in Humphrey's rescue, Krause had not yet made any of his own whale recordings. He used recordings collected by a pair of University of Hawaii graduate students who studied humpbacks. Krause took the scratchy recordings into his sound studio and spent hours working on the sound quality.

He recalled the moment when Humphrey reacted to the sounds. He and Dianna Reiss, a colleague from Marine World in San Francisco, were aboard a 42-foot boat south of Sacramento. The whale had been wandering for weeks and authorities were losing hope in the rescue.

So the two went to work with their whale sounds.

"I have never seen a animal move so fast. That whale was hydroplaning," Krause said. "He was a quarter-mile away and got to our boat in 15 seconds. He nearly swamped us."

A flotilla of boats behind Humphrey slowly moved the whale toward the ocean. Each time he veered off course, officials played more whale sounds, along with pipe-banging noises from behind to herd him along. Tens of thousands of onlookers gathered along the delta shores to root the whale on.

"Every time the whale surfaced, an incredible roar arose from the crowd," Krause said. "Every so often, he swam toward shore and did a tail slap. It was an emotional experience."

This time, Krause has played a prerecorded loop of sounds he described as a "whale dinner call."

"It's a long clear tone, lower than a b-flat in pitch, and then it slowly ascends," he said. "It's very powerful, very forceful."

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Whale roundups are an inexact science. Studies show that humpback whales respond to recorded stimuli only about 10 percent of the time. But Krause has focused on the task, spending most of his time on the water, away from the news conferences and reporters' questions.

"They're saying we failed on Thursday," he said early Friday, sighing. "I don't think we failed. These animals don't respond to protocol, the way we understand the world. They'll respond when they're ready, not when we're ready."

Rescuers say they will take a break over the weekend and resume their efforts Tuesday. But Krause won't be there.

He will leave his recordings with the rescue crew and head back to his Wild Sanctuary headquarters in Sonoma County, where he has other projects in the works.

He'll keep pulling for the mother humpback and her calf, in the hopes they make it back to sea, he said. But he won't give them names or adopt the names chosen in contests run by several Northern California newspapers and radio stations.

"These whales are not cartoon characters, you can't animate them like at Pixar," he said. "Try and humanize them and you're going to have human expectations they cannot deliver. They're going to do what they're going to do. They're wild."
Source : http://www.latimes.com